Columbia Banking System, Inc. is a financial holding company operating primarily through Columbia Bank, an Oregon state-chartered commercial bank serving corporate, institutional, small business, and individual customers across nine western and southwestern states. The bank offers a comprehensive range of products including commercial lending, treasury management and payments, deposit products, wealth management, and residential real estate and consumer loans, with many residential mortgages sold into the secondary market while retaining servicing. Columbia generates revenue through net interest income on its loan and deposit products, fee income from treasury management, payments processing, wealth advisory services, and mortgage origination, while competing against national banks, regional competitors, credit unions, and fintech providers through relationship-focused service and strategic branch locations.