INOVIO Pharmaceuticals is a clinical-stage biotechnology company developing DNA medicines—optimized DNA plasmids designed to instruct cells to produce therapeutic proteins—for treating HPV-associated diseases, cancer, and infectious diseases. The company's proprietary platform combines precisely engineered DNA plasmids with CELLECTRA® electroporation devices that deliver the genetic material intramuscularly or intradermally without chemical adjuvants, lipid nanoparticles, or viral vectors. INOVIO generates revenue through licensing agreements and milestone payments from partners rather than product sales, and relies on collaborative partnerships with major pharmaceutical companies and government institutions to advance its pipeline of DNA-based therapies from clinical development toward regulatory approval and eventual commercialization.